To be precise, the term refers to a property assigned to each task or milestone in the schedule called Total Float, or Total Slack in Microsoft Project. However if the scenario gives numbers, first you need to determine if the free float can handle the delay (i. Could u please explain me the concept of free float. Instructor: Mike Miller. Project Management Basics - Network Diagram - Float or SlackNow we have a look at the (Total) Slack or float of the activities in a network diagram and have. Leads, lags and float are concepts used in schedule development process. PMP Bootcamp , Sohel Akhter (PMP, ISMS, CCNA) - sohel_akhter_pm@yahoo. Early Start and Early Finish. free Float - PM PrepCast ForumTotal Float, and; Point Of Total Assumption; Tips to Memorize PMP Formulas. When leveraged properly, project managers can shift activities and resources to meet the project objectives and priorities. Uses free float instead of total float in the schedule calculations. The longest path of planned activities to the end of the project. Tasks on the critical path will have a float of zero, meaning there are no delays in the sequence. When you are asked to calculate the “Float” for an activity in the PMP Exam, you are asked to calculate the “Total Float“. Float/Slack. Also called "float," "slack," and "path float. Project Schedule Quality Check #6: The High Float Check. Track progress regularly: Stay on top of project developments and update your schedule as. In project management, “float” defines the amount of time a task can be delayed without causing a delay in: Any subsequent, dependent tasks - called “free float” Any delay in the overall project - called “total. for activities on a. In this article, we’re going to look in. Also watch the video on How to Answer Contract Type Questions for PMP exam. can be delayed without making the project longer). = Tasks with Actual Finish Date / (# of Baseline Tasks Scheduled to Finish Prior to Status Date +Tasks Missing Baseline Start or Finish Date) EVM is an important tool used by Program. Eating is on the critical path, but I still have 5 minutes total float in the critical path to: get dressed, eat, drive. Types of float in project management. , on the longest path) and which have "total float" (i. Let’s consider that a project activity is not on the PMP critical path. The timeline for work can be postponed without impacting the program's deadline. In the context of project management, the term “free float” is used to describe amount of time that spans from the completion of one previously scheduled activity and extends to the point at which the next scheduled activity is set to begin. Attendance,. It is the flexibility or buffer time available within an activity. In project management, the measure of the amount of time that a task can be delayed without impacting the. Zero float. Total Float (TF) and Free Float (FF) #Total_float is the total amount of time an activity on the schedule network diagram can be delayed without… تمت المشاركة من قبل Nourhan Neinaa , PMP®For that reason, total float, activity sequences and logic of the network diagram effect the required resource quantities per time. Total float is associated with the path. Discretionary dependencies should be fully documented since they can create arbitrary total float values and can limit later scheduling options. The Free Agile PrepCast. But as soon as you start updating actual progress, the work will force the. This will have no impact on the project duration. Don’t forget to check out the video. In considering the backward pass, we will use the same. In project management, “float” defines the amount of time a task can be delayed without causing a delay in: Any subsequent, dependent tasks - called “free float” Any delay in the overall project - called “total. However, that float is shared between them. Calculating float requires. Bar Chart: A schedule charting technique that graphically displays when specific activities are to take place. Mostly the Total Float is owned by the project and can be consumed either by owner or contractor on a ‘first-come-first-serve’ basis. or. Gantt charts are easy to read and are commonly used to display schedule activities. Two important concepts in CPA are Total Float and Free Float. Total Float shows the difference between the Earliest Start (ES) and Latest Start (LS) of an activity before the completion date is delayed. If Activity C starts on Day 5 instead of Day 4, then Activity E will start on Day 9 and have only one day of. Buffers can be divided into project, feeding, and resource. Calculate the Total Float and Free Float for each activity. It adjusts the activities of a schedule after resource leveling to ensure resource requirements stay within predefined limits. Earned Value Management (EVM) 2. Project manager cần phải tính toán kỹ lưỡng những giá trị này để lên kế hoạch quản lý tiến độ hợp lý và khả. 1. ALL ABOUT CRITICAL PATH METHOD (CPM). If you use level of effort or WBS summary activities in your schedule always make sure that the schedule calculates “Total Float” as “Finish Float=Late Finish-Early Finish”. Float and Free Float is one of the sources to make such adjustments. Free slack (or free float) is the amount of time you can delay a task, without impacting the early start (ES) of the successor(s). 68. c. Float management helps you identify “float” or “slack” time within your project’s schedules, helps you work around delays, and streamlines your projects. Today we will fly the NEW Dehavilland DHC-2 Beaver Float version from Victoria up the Squamish River to Whistler. Tasks on the critical path (critical tasks) have zero total float. Free float, also known as project float, is the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the early start of the next activity. Total Float = The Late Start date – The Early Start date. Tags: PMP Schedule Management. Total float is often. Add your perspective Help others by sharing. Total Float = Late Start date – Early StartThere are four types of float or slack that you can calculate using a network diagram: total float, free float, project float, and independent float. Total float is a value that is used in analyzing CPM schedules. Float in project management refers to how long you can delay a specific task without it affecting other tasks team members need to complete or having to push back. Assemble two-tier bridge. Solution. Precedence Diagram Method (PDM) Dependency Levels. Critical Path: The continuous string (s) of critical activities in the schedule between the Start and Finish of the project. The float exists because the finish-on. Late Finish – The latest time that an activity can finish. Total Float It is the time span by which the starting and finishing an activity can be delayed without delaying the completion of the project. free float. Utilisation of the float of an activity may affect the float times of the subsequent activities in the network. Slack is also known as Float in project management. CWT-Chapter 8. According to the PMBOK Guide (A Guide to Project Management Body of Knowledge) 7th edition, there are 6 conflict management strategies. Also we have learned that the total float of the activities on the critical path is always equals to ZERO, by. Required fields are marked. It represents the flexibility and scheduling cushion available to project. 34%+13. Check out for more free engineering tutorials and math lessons!Project Management Tutorial: Determine Total Float & Free Float (. . PERT Formula is one on the ways for doing three point estimation. Otherwise, you might encounter negative float for these kinds of activities: In. Step 2: Elaborate the network diagram. Term #9: Free float (FF) Free float is the same as total float — it even uses the same formula. Total Float: Amount of time a single task can be delayed without delaying project completion. when the INDF is a negative value, we set the value to zero. Let’s take the project of exam study and preparation as an. A critical activity in project management is any task that stakeholders must complete on schedule to meet project deadlines. How to Create the Critical Chain Network Diagram. PMP Certification from the Project Management Institute (PMI) is the industry standard for demonstrating competence and a solid foundation of project. A concept related to, and crucial for using the Critical Path Method is float or slack. the latest any activity in the network can start or finish supporting the overall required completion date of the network. The critical path is the path through the network that has the highest total duration. What is zero float. Float is the amount of time that a task can be delayed without delaying the entire project. This paper presents the concept of GPM forensic total float and its role in retrospective schedule analysis, whether in updating or forensic analysis. A float will always have a zero value on the critical path. The term Float expresses flexibility that helps in such schedule adjustments. In the Critical Path Method shown in different books and videos, the float in the network diagram for activity is actual the total float of the activity. Leads and Lags are types of float. Here's an example to illustrate the difference between Total Float and Free Float: Suppose you have a project with three tasks: A, B, and. ). The critical path activities have zero float. Term #9: Free float (FF) Free float is the same as total float — it even uses the same formula. Free Float: Amount of time a single task can be delayed without delaying the early start of any successor task. Total float is meant for activities not on the critical path. Then you must follow these three additional steps to develop a critical chain network diagram:There are two types of float in project management: free float and total float. The timescale for this bar is ‘Neg Float Bar’. The ES of an activity is 2 days, and the duration of the activity is 5 days. Description and implementing procedures maintained by LBNL’s Project Management Office (PMO). Morgan R. Yes, positive total float is good. Compare this with Total Float and Free Float on a Network Diagram. Now total float is calculated as the difference between LS and ES or the difference between LF and EF. In project. Demonstration: Calculate MFP – Total Float. Many PMP ® exam aspirants consider total float and free float the same. Total float: To calculate the total float of a task, subtract the task’s earliest finish from its latest finish. We discuss three types of Floats in this video viz Total Float, Free Float and Independent Float with examples. Total Float (TF) and Free Float (FF) #Total_float is the total amount of time an activity on the schedule network diagram can be delayed without… تمت المشاركة من قبل Nourhan Neinaa , PMP®Total Float: Float The total amount of time that a schedule activity may be delayed from its early start date without delaying the project nish date, or violating a schedule constraint. If a task has float, you can spend more time on it than is allotted, without disrupting the rest of the project schedule. According to the PMBOK Guide (A Guide to Project Management Body of Knowledge) 7th edition, there are 6 conflict management strategies. Float management is a project management style known for its flexibility. Total float means how long we can delay an activity without taking off the completion date of the project. In this case total float of activity E and F are 8. By Praveen Malik, PMP July 22, 2023. Negative total float is caused when a constraint on the late dates is violated by duration and logic. Within this study guide, note that PMP® formula names. Early Finish – The earliest time that an activity can finish. On a critical path, the total float is zero. The Project Management Body of Knowledge defines resource smoothing as " a technique that adjusts the activities of a schedule model such that the requirements for resources on the project do not exceed certain predefined resource limits. The result is same while being calculated with MS Project (refer Figure - 1). Suggested Answer: A 🗳️ Total float or slack is computed by subtracting the early start date from the late start date, or 19 גˆ’ 10 = 9. 61. To fix this issue, find the milestones that have late date less than the early dates and total float equal zero, and dissolve these milestones. Answer C. pick two (pick any two): Pick two, sometimes expressed as pick any two, is the principle that in many sets of three desirable qualities, those qualities will be somewhat mutually exclusive. when the INDF is a negative value, we set the value to zero. It essentially signifies how much of a delay a task within a project can endure without. com, 347-536-2811. A Gantt chart is a type of bar chart, developed by Henry Gantt, that illustrates a project schedule. Each activity in Network Diagram is represented as below, Also, remember that Float can be calculated with these start and finish values using the formula below,Critical Path Analysis. This means that the earliest time it can finish is also the latest time it can finish; therefore, it can’t be delayed. To simplify, total float is the room for delay an activity can have before impacting the end date of the job. But that diagram does not show the. The Total Float is simply the sum of the Free and Interfering Float. Steps to Developing a Precedence Diagram. The former is called “free float”, and the latter is called “total float”. This can be opened by selecting Tools > Schedule > Schedule Options. There is no extra time to spare on these tasks, and if one is delayed, then the project is delayed too. You can calculate it by subtracting the Early Start date of the activity from its Late Start Date. The second type, free float, indicates how long you can delay an activity without delaying the subsequent tasks. All Free PMP® Exam Resources. Learn more about it here: Negative Float. PMP Exam Set A – Q88. Practice standard for scheduling / Project Management Institute. 15 PMP Power Skills PDUs. However, non-crucial tasks may have some float, allowing for some flexibility in scheduling. you can find the float or the slack of activity’s time by subtracting the early. Total Float and Free Float Calculation 2 Project Management Professionals Hot Topics & Challenges - Time Management . Project Management. ii) Working on the slab and pouring – 3 days. In project management, figuring the float time helps you determine if an activity can take longer than expected without risking finishing the next task late or the overall. It is the difference between the estimated duration of the task and the latest. Total: 72. available free float is greater than potential delay). Discretionary dependencies should be fully documented since they can create arbitrary total float values and can limit later scheduling options. These are: Confronting/Problem Solving Collaborating. In this article, we will be discussing total float vs free float. Total float is how many delays are allowed from the beginning of the project which will not interfere with the projected completion date. Negative Total Float. Develop a network diagram of a schedule and calculate the start/finish times and float values. This article will cover the following tools and technique of Develop Schedule, out of which the last three are common tools and techniques of Control. e. Total Float: Amount of time an activity can be delayed without effecting the Project Completion date. Project managers use various types of slack to create and maintain schedules. I could say I have 5 minutes of interfering float on my critical path as I could hit the snooze button for 5 minutes and begin at 5 after the hour and have just enough time to do it all. . Total Float is an essential concept that ensures projects stay on schedule. Total Float is the maximum amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the project whereas Free Float is the amount of time an activity can be delayed without impacting the Early Start date of any of its immediate successors. This process determines which activities are " critical" (i. Based on project management in terms of time, discretionary dependency is sometimes referred to as preferred logic, preferential logic or soft logic. Figure 31: Total Float and Free Float 95 Figure 32: Network Diagram of a Simple Schedule 105 Figure 33: A Project Schedule 107 Figure 34: Estimated Durations for Remaining WBS Areas in the Schedule 108 Figure 35: The Cumulative Distribution of Project Schedule, Including Risk 109The longest path of planned activities to the end of the project. Total float [FLOAT]: an activity can be delayed or extended from its early start date without delaying the project finish date or violating a schedule constraint. Float means "scheduling flexibility" in project management, also commonly known as "slack. In the given example below the total float for activity 3 is 5 and the free float is also 5(ES of activity 5-EF of activity 3). 4. Then you must follow these three additional steps to develop a critical chain network diagram: Step 4: Calculate the total float To calculate the total float of a task, project managers need to subtract the duration of each task from the difference between the late finish date and the early finish date of each task. The term is used primarily in the Critical Path Method to distribute work among team members evenly where a project's critical activities are plotted on a timeline. The total float can be calculated using either one of the following two formulas: Total Float = LF - EF; Total Float = LS - ES; To illustrate, we will use the first formula:. Total Float is the maximum amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the project whereas Free Float is the amount of time an activity can be delayed without impacting the Early Start date of any of its immediate successors. I learned about Critical Path while using MS Project. In preparing available this PMP authentication exam, it's important to understand the use, connection, and differences of free float counter. plTotal Float vs. What is Total Float? It is possible to prevent relocating or delaying key route jobs by using project management float. 6 – Using Resources dependent. PROJECT MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK & PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESSES. Project Management Professional (PMP)® certification requires knowledge of the project schedule network diagram in terms of types, benefits, and how to create one. This project management system can be. Total Float: Amount of time an activity can be delayed without effecting the Project Completion date. Use the resource from the activity with 3 days free float. Negative float occurs in Primavera P6 when the total float is less than Zero, which means that the critical activities in the original plan (activity with zero total floats) are being delayed and the original project completion date is delayed. Answer : A. It’s important into grasp the similarities and differences between open float vs total. RELATED LINKS. Walker and James E. Negative float, also known as negative slack, is a common concept in project management that refers to the amount of time that must be saved to complete a project on time. This paper presents the concept of GPM forensic total float and its role in retrospective schedule analysis, whether in updating or forensic analysis. Total Float = LF – EF Total Float = LS – ES. Schedule variance is part of Earned Value Management and helps project managers determine if a project is ahead of or behind schedule and by how much. The amount of time an activity can slip before it affects another activity’s finish date. The float for the critical path is zero; there’s no wiggle room. Finally, you might see the term “zero float time” used in project management. The result of the analysis defines the critical path, a sequential set of related and essential steps. Calculation: (Late finish date) – (early finish date) or (Late start date) - (early start date). Step 6: Calculate the float. Causes of negative total float. False True 17. The Project Management Institute (PMI) notes that after calculating float, a series of critical activities appears. Duration estimation can also accompany the creation of an activity network. 3, you. They mean the same thing. Free Float = ES of successor activity – EF. or. Once we have the early start and finish times we can get the late start and late finish times via the backward pass. Total float is the amount of time that a schedule activity can be delayed or extended from its early start date without delaying the project finish date or violating a schedule constraint. Inappropriate Level of Detail. . Total float is a property assigned to each task or milestone in the schedule. Resource Leveling is performed to balance the demand and supply of resources. I learned most of the project management concepts while managing software projects – Critical Path Analysis was one such concept. how and why certain techniques or functions might impact total float, durations, critical path, or impacts from other scheduling tool calculations. For activity B, the total float is 11 weeks; you could delay activity B by 11 weeks without delaying the project. Standard Deviation in the PMP® Certification Exam. Another way to explain this would be the difference between the expected and scheduled completion dates. It adjusts the activities of a schedule after resource leveling to ensure resource requirements stay within predefined limits. Includes bibliographical references and index. Because of this fact, contractors often hide the Total Float by extending their activities in the schedule, manipulating the critical path. E_PERT= (O+P+4×M)/6. - Trong bài thi PMP, khi bạn được yêu cầu tính “ Float. If a task’s total. So let's answer these questions by defining the two types of float that you may find in your project schedule network diagram. " But let's move on to a more concrete meaning. For any remaining activities, in this case Activity 1, the float will be the duration of the critical path minus the duration of this path. The two main forms of float are free float and total float. If not, you still need to consume the free float before you use the total float. Bar Chart: A schedule charting technique that graphically displays when specific activities are to take place. Below is a list of the main EVM equations. But that diagram does not show the. Float or Slack is again an activity duration unit where a task can be delayed without having impact on early start date of successor task (free float) or project duration (Total Float) or customer. Formulas for calculating Total Float and Free Float are as follows: Total Float = LS – ES (it is also calculated by LF – EF)Free Float = Lowest. " The total float is split between sequential actions. Here’s a breakdown of the two types of float: Total float: This is the amount of time that an activity can be delayed from the early start date without delaying the project finish date or violating a schedule constraint. These 14 metrics are certainly not the only metrics that can be tracked to help realize the health of your schedule, but they will provide you with some important data, that you can to turn into information. No one likes to do it, but often it’s necessary and worth it in the end. Step 3 – Perform the Backward Pass. A PERT chart is a network diagram that allows project managers to create project schedules. It calculates expected duration by finding the weighted average of three different estimates viz. Total Float refers to the amount of time a schedule activity can be delayed from its early start date without delaying the project finish date or violating a schedule constraint. I am a software engineer by education. To calculate the nine days of float, you subtract the early finish from the late finish, or the early start from the late start. Use the resource from the activity with 9 days total float. subsequent tasks (" free float ") project completion date (" total float "). Fast-Tracking. In project management, float is a term that refers to the number of days that an activity can be delayed before affecting the next activity in the schedule or the project as a whole. It applies to both independent tasks that can be performed simultaneously and sequential ones that depend on the completion of preceding activities. ES = Early Start, EF = Early Finish. We first want to show the MFPs analysis when the last task in the float path is the end-of-project task, and the calculation is for Total Float. The total float will be zero on the critical path. Assemble and add construction site. How to Create the Critical Chain Network Diagram. Total float, a fundamental concept in project management, plays a crucial role in evaluating the flexibility of tasks within a project timeline. Total Float = LF – EF (or LS – ES)Total float is more commonly referenced than free float by project managers. Total Float: The amount that a task can move without affecting the final project completion date. iv) Wall framing – 4 days. Late finish – Early finish. Total Float and Free Float are used in Critical Path Method (CPM) to. Project Selection Methods 5. This paper examines how project managers can use the graphical path method (GPM), a tool that can help them solve scheduling problems via a forensic total. Negative Total Float. The Backward Pass determines the late dates, i. Preparing a schedule with the appropriate level of detail is difficult. Total float is the total amount of time an activity on the schedule network diagram can be delayed without affecting the project finish date. The steps are:1. Once these task sequences or paths. Welcome to DAU's Schedule Health Analysis Tool, which features the free, downloadable DCMA 14-Point Assessment macro for MS Project. Process, 11. The LBNL EVMS complies with the criteria for project cost and sched-ule control as required by DOE Order 413. After we define the activities and estimate their duration, we are ready to create an activity network diagram which is a graphical representation of the logical relationship (i. Total float is a mathematical calculation and can change as the project progresses and changes are made to the project plan. The main reason is due to changing a setting in primavera p6 schedule option tab. -- 2nd ed. In our last article, we explained the forward pass step in the critical path method. . Since it is not on the PMP critical path, delay on this activity can be compensated. Float management is a project management style known for its flexibility. Float or slack is the amount of time that a task in a project network can be delayed without causing a delay to subsequent tasks ("free float") and project completion date ("total float"). The former is called “free float”, and the latter is called “total float”. The critical path method (CPM) is a project management technique that’s used by project managers to create an accurate project schedule. Required fields are marked. More simply, the range an activity can move around without affecting the end date of the project. However, the total float option is advisable. Planned Value (PV) = 50% of $100,000 = $50,000. eurocontainers. Assemble two-tier bridge. A positive total float task may slip according to the value of its positive total float. These charts display the start and finish dates of the terminal elements and summary elements of a project. , dependencies) among the project activities [1]. It is the path with the greatest total. When calculating float, know that zero (0) float means that if one delay occurs, the project will fall behind schedule. Activity 2 is on the critical path so it will have a float of zero. Learn what project management float is, discover the benefits of using it, and review how to calculate total float to increase efficiency as a project manager. Slack is also known as Float in project management. Illustrated Example. Exhibit 5. Critical path It is the sequence of critical activities, which decide the total project. pick two (pick any two): Pick two, sometimes expressed as pick any two, is the principle that in many sets of three desirable qualities, those qualities will be somewhat mutually exclusive. There are mainly 3 types of float in project management: zero float, total float and free float. Which activities have path (total) float available: _____ 2. The focus is on achieving a balanced workload by utilizing available slack in the schedule. The analysis also depends on the selection of Total Float or Free Float options. 7 Monitor Risks. Basic to CPM is for the planner to draw a project network first, and then to use CPM software to calculate activity dates and total floats, establish the project completion date and locate the critical path. The CP becomes. In project management, float is a term that refers to the number of days that an activity can be delayed before affecting the next activity in the schedule or the project as a whole. Determine the latest start time (LST) and the earliest start time (EST). An analysis technique used to identify the critical (essential) and non-critical (non-essential) activities associated with a business process or work plan and the amount of float (slack) associated with each activity. It is used to determine the critical path, as well as the float of each task. On a critical path, the total float is zero. 3. I never thought that total float and clear float were different conceptualized before my PMP exam preparation. 12 terms. Free Float: Float The amount of time that a schedule activity can be delayed without delaying the early start date of any immediately following schedule activities. The certification is an endorsement of project management experience and knowledge of its holder. Earliest and latest time value & total float are calculated as follows: Hence critical path for normal network is 1-2-5-6-7-8 along which activities have ‘o’ total float. Consider a project schedule where each of the first three activities has some total float because a constraint is placed on the third activity. You will also need to know the value of your project’s planned budget at. Use the resources from both the activitiesDear Cornellius, I have understood your Total Float, But failed to understand free float. Float is a key piece of the critical path method (CPM) , a system used by project. However, the following are some tips and tricks to help You reducing high total floats: 1- link activities in a proper way as expected to be executed on-site. Free Float (slack): The amount of time the activity can be delayed without delaying the early start date of the successor(s)You Ready for PMP - PMP Malaysia Kuala Lumpur l PMP Certification l PMP Total Float vs Free Float: Project Management Formulas PMP application - How to write clear project descriptionsPMP Certification Requirements | Project Management PMI Project Management Professional (PMP) Training Boot Jul 12, 2021 · Performance. In this case, the critical path is the creation of the press release:In project management, the network diagram is a graphical depiction of a project schedule which uses boxes to represent each task. The three point estimation can also be done by using simple average formula. Free float, on the other hand, is the amount of time a task can take before it impacts the next task of the project. Preparation for the PMP® certification exam should be inclusive of all earned. vi) Insulation and drywall – 7 days. Pessimistic, Optimistic and Most likely estimates. Anything can happen during the course of working on an extended task. The CPM method, also known as critical path analysis (CPA), consists in using the CPM formula and a network diagram to visually represent the task sequences of a project. The total float time for a zero float. Total Float (TF) :LS – ES , LF – EF. By understanding the amount of time available for a task, project managers can better plan and manage their projects. Step 1: Obtain the project data. B. P75P653 2011 658. Float or Slack is again an activity duration unit where a task can be delayed without having impact on early start date of successor task (free float) or project duration (Total Float) or customer. Wish to contact Atul Gaur, send a twitter. Another way of looking at negative float is the time beyond the scheduled completion date that a project or activity requires to achieve completion. Explanation: Free Float is three days and Total Float is six days. Total float is the total amount of time an activity on the schedule network diagram can be delayed without affecting the project. I used to think she were synonymously. After we define the activities and estimate their duration, we are ready to create an activity network diagram which is a graphical representation of the logical relationship (i. Let’s look at the four top benefits of introducing float to your project management. Then you must follow these three additional steps to develop a critical chain network diagram:Step 4: Calculate the total float To calculate the total float of a task, project managers need to subtract the duration of each task from the difference between the late finish date and the early finish date of each task. Answer: Refer to the network diagram. Work starts at 9 am in the morning of Day 1 and the duration is expressed in days. Scroll down until you see the ‘Neg Float Bar’, and highlight it. One frequent mistake made when preparing a schedule is creating too many. The LF for the activity is 8 days. Using "float" in strategic plans allows management to more effectively regulate how the length of activities affects the completion of the works. Total float is the total amount of time that a schedule activity may be delayed from its early start date without delaying the project finish date, or intermediary milestone. Optional Techniques ; Where appropriate, describes one or more alternative approaches that a program team might use, considering degree of difficulty,Resource smoothing is a technique used in project management to optimize resource allocation without extending project duration. The Project Management Professional (PMP) is the world's most prestigious certification in the project management field awarded by the Project Management Institute. Click on ‘Negative Float’ in the Filter column, and up will. 7 D A C F B E 9 10 4 6 14 11 9 13 G H For E Total Float: Critical path duration – Longest path of E = 38 – 19 = 19 wks Free Float: 16,17,18,19 = 4 wks Project Management Professionals Hot Topics & Challenges - Time Management Nov 3, 2023. On a critical path, the total float is zero.